MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA molecules, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, that play a central role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They function by binding to complementary sequences on target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to translational repression or mRNA degradation. Through this mechanism, miRNAs finetune gene expression in virtually every biological process, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Furthermore, dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with various disease processes. The importance of miRNAs as gene regulators was recently highlighted when Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2024 for their discovery of miRNAs.
Det här är ett utplock av en intressant artikel från KBN – Nr. 4 – vol. 37 – 2025.